2013年实验室沙龙
日期: 2013/09/22 

为了增进实验室各研究组之间的学术及人文交流,心理健康重点实验室定期举办沙龙。报告以研究组为单位,报告人不限,报告主题自选。时间固定为周一中午13:00-14:00,地点在南楼三层会议室,报告时间为40-45分钟。
  欢迎所有感兴趣的老师和同学参加!
日  期 报告人 课题组 题    目 备 注
2013年4月1日 王 亚 陈楚侨  The effect of implementation intentions on prospective memory in individuals with and without schizotypal personality features  
2013年4月15日 周文娇  高文斌   幼儿视、听觉注意力发展以及影响因素的研究  
2013年4月29日   ——   五一放假
2013年5月6日 许贵芳  韩布新  情绪面孔注意偏好的年龄差异  
2013年5月20日 罗 佳  金 锋  Probiotic supplementation helps women worry less about their gastrointestinal problems: the protective role of probiotic in the gender-related anxiety and depression induced by experimental gastritis   
2013年6月3日 尹述飞  李 娟  Combination Training in Healthy Elderly Modifies Spontaneous Brain Activity  
2013年6月17日 赵 媚 林文娟 XXXXXX  
2013年7月1日 王偲偲 罗 非   不同提醒频率对冥想练习中注意状态的改善研究  
2013年7月15日   隋 南    轮空 
2013年7月29日   ——   暑期
2013年8月12日   ——   暑期
2013年8月26日 常素华 王 晶 Genetic database for bipolar disorder and its overlap with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder  
2013年9月9日 宋军 尹文刚 从癫痫患者病征的角度观察不同大脑脑叶在人类行为之中的作用  
2013年9月23日 余飞  张建新 适应不良信念的认知重构过程及其特征  
2013年10月7日   ——   十一放假
2013年10月14日 冯果  周雯 Nostril-specific olfactory learning of enantioselectivity  
2013年10月28日   所青年创新团队    
2013年11月11日   社会心理与行为调查中心     
2013年11月25日   心理健康促进中心     
2013年12月9日   应用发展部    
2013年12月23日   王亮    

 注:报告安排如需调整请提前告知,报告信息请最迟于报告前一周的周一将发到zhaoyf@psych.ac.cn

  时间:10月14日周一中午13:00-14:00

  地点:南楼三层会议室

  报告人:冯果(硕士三年级)(周雯研究组)

  报告题目:Nostril-specific olfactory learning of enantioselectivity

  报告摘要:

  Optical isomers with almost identical physical and chemical properties could possess different smells to the human nose. Such enantioselectivity in olfaction is partially genetic but can also be acquired through learning, reflecting a high degree of plasticity in olfactory representations. It is nevertheless under debate whether this plasticity originates in the central or the peripheral components of the olfactory system. Here we show that learning induced perceptual gain, as indexed by the discrimination of odor enantiomers, is specific to the trained pair of enantiomers and is restricted in the trained nostril. Our results argue that peripheral mechanisms play a key role in experiential 'tuning' of olfactory coding. A tDCS experiment is proposed to verify this finding.

时间:9月23日周一13:00-14:00

  地点:南楼三层会议室

  报告人:余飞 (张建新研究组)

  报告题目:适应不良信念的认知重构过程及其特征

  报告摘要:

  认知重构是指对情绪障碍中的适应不良的思维和信念产生觉察,通过评价其真实性并采纳另一种更为适应的思考模式与之产生抗衡,以期达到纠正的目的。认知重构作为认知行为治疗(CBT,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)的核心成分,在临床上已被广泛应用。但临床研究的缺陷是治疗过程中会掺杂多种心理治疗成份,而且长时且复杂的疗程使得思维特定认知重构过程的机制和干预效果变得非常困难。本研究通过给被试先呈现问题(适应不良信念)再给被试呈现答案(格言)的方式剥离出认知重构成份,为研究认知重构提供严格的实验室证据。研究中招募大学生被试21名(男9女12)。实验前让被试填写认知情绪调节问卷和CPAI的乐观-悲观问卷,然后完成认知重构任务让被试在积极情绪性、建设性、顿悟性和新颖性四个维度上对答案进行评价。结果发现,高重构答案的新颖性和顿悟性评分最高,低重构答案居中,零重构答案最低,三者之间差异显著;无论是高重构答案还是低重构答案积极情绪性和建设性评分都显著高于非重构答案且二者在这两个维度的评分上无差异;被试的乐观性评分与被试对高重构答案新颖性评分呈显著的中等程度的负相关,说明悲观的被试对高重构答案的新颖性更敏感;认知调节问卷中的积极重新聚焦与被试对高重构答案的新颖性评分成显著的负相关,说明经常采用积极重新聚焦策略的被试对高重构答案的新颖性更不敏感;认知调节问卷中的反思策略与被试对高重构答案和低重构答案的建设性评分都呈现显著的正相关,说明经常采用反思策略的被试对答案的建设性更加敏感。

  关键词:认知重构;适应性不良信念;认知行为疗法;顿悟性;新颖性

  时间:9月9日周一13:00-14:00

  地点:南楼三层会议室

  报告人:宋军(博士二年级)(尹文刚研究组)

  报告题目:从癫痫患者病征的角度观察不同大脑脑叶在人类行为之中的作用

  报告摘要:

  人类的各种行为是大脑的各个脑叶整合的结果,不同的脑叶如前额叶,顶叶,颞叶,枕叶在个体的行为的动态变化之中起到不同的作用,我们试图从癫痫患者不同病征的角度探讨大脑各个脑叶组成的巨大神经网络中的不同脑叶在不同认知功能之中所扮演的角色,包括结合对于文章Long-term consolidation of declarative memory: insight from temporal lobe epilepsy 的讲解,试图阐释大脑的各个脑叶的整合功能和不同脑叶在这一动态信息传输过程中所起到的独特作用。

  最后从神经外科的角度浅谈如何保护大脑。

  时间:8月26日周一13:00-14:00

  地点:南楼三层会议室

  报告人:常素华 助理研究员(王晶研究组)

  报告题目:Genetic database for bipolar disorder and its overlap with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder

  报告摘要:

  Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common psychiatric disorder with complex genetic architecture. It shares overlapping genetic influences with schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Large numbers of genetic studies of BD and cross-disorder studies between BD and SZ/MDD have accumulated numerous genetic data. There is a growing need to integrate the data to provide a comprehensive data set to facilitate the genetic study of BD and its highly relevant diseases. In-depth analysis of cross-disorder data between BD and SZ/MDD would also help to uncover the shared genetic basis and mechanism among psychiatric disorders.

  Methods: We developed a genetic database for BD, called BDgene, by integrating BD-related genetic factors and shared ones with SZ/MDD from profound literature reading. On the basis of data from the literature, in-depth analyses were performed for further understanding of the data, including gene prioritization, pathway-based analysis, intersection analysis of multidisease candidate genes, and pathway enrichment analysis.

  Results: BDgene includes multiple types of literature-reported genetic factors of BD with both positive and negative results. Shared genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, genes, and regions from published cross-disorder studies among BD and SZ/MDD were also presented. In-depth data analyses identified 43 BD core genes; 70 BD candidate pathways; and 127, 79, and 107 new potential cross-disorder genes for BD-SZ, BD-MDD, and BD-SZMDD, respectively. Cross-disorder gene analysis showed BD shared more genetic susceptibility with SZ than MDD. Pathway enrichment analysis for the disease shared genes showed dysfunction of synaptic transmission is a common mechanism among the three diseases, and rhythm related pathways contribute to BD and MDD more than SZ.

  Conclusions: As a central genetic database for BD and the first cross-disorder database for BD and SZ/MDD, BDgene provides not only a comprehensive review of current genetic research but also high-confidence candidate genes and pathways for understanding of BD mechanism and shared etiology among its relevant diseases. BDgene is freely available at http://bdgene.psych.ac.cn.

时间:7月1日周一13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:王偲偲 (罗非研究组)
报告题目:不同提醒频率对冥想练习中注意状态的改善研究
报告摘要:
  对呼吸的注意是很多冥想训练的主要方法,人们通过对呼吸的持续注意培养一种对此时此刻不判断的、有意识的特殊注意状态。然而,对于初学者来说维持这种状态有一定的难度,因此在实际练习时指导者总是时不时地给予提醒,帮助人们从走神中回来。但目前还没有研究探讨对于初学者来说,以什么样的频率进行提醒才能帮助个体最有效地提升这种特殊的注意品质。本研究从注意稳定性、觉知程度和呼吸频率等三个方面比较了冥想新手在2分钟/次,3分钟/次和4分钟/次三种不同提醒频率下进行练习的效果,结果发现,在3天的训练过程中,与其它两种提醒频率相比,2分钟/次的提醒频率可以显著地提升个体的注意稳定性和觉知程度,并使个体在冥想练习中保持较低的呼吸频率。

时间:6月17日周一13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:赵媚 副研究员 (林文娟研究组)
报告题目:XXXXX

时间:6月3日周一13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:尹述飞(博士一年级)(李娟研究组)
报告题目:Combination Training in Healthy Elderly Modifies Spontaneous Brain Activity
报告摘要:
Background: A growing body of evidence supports the notion that cognitive enrichment and aerobic training induce a dynamic reorganization of higher cerebral functions, thereby helping in maintaining cognitive functioning in the elderly and reducing the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little direct evidence has been clearly present. In this study, we evaluated the effects of combination training on the brain activity changes among a group of healthy elderly individuals.
Method: Neuropsychological evaluation and resting-state fMRI scan were performed before and at the end of the training among all the participants. Participants in trained group received combination training, including 18 sessions of 60 minutes memory strategy and executive function training, 18 sessions of 45 minutes Taichi training, and 6 sessions of 90 minutes family relationship guidance. We used regional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) analysis to evaluate the effects of combination training on the spontaneous brain activity.
Results: Combination training increased older adults’ spontaneous brain activity in the superior and medial frontal gyrus, posterior lobe of cerebellum, and regions surrounding the corpus callosum. In addition, training-related brain changes in ALFF among older adults were positively correlated with training-related cognitive changes in associative learning.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the combination training could be an effective way to counteract aging-related cognitive decline, and supported the maintenance of brain activity plasticity in the elderly.
Key words: combination training; the plasticity of brain activity; aging; fMRI

时间:5月20日(周一)中午13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:罗佳 (博士三年级)(金锋研究组)
报告题目:Probiotic supplementation helps women worry less about their gastrointestinal problems: the protective role of probiotic in the gender-related anxiety and depression induced by experimental gastritis
报告摘要:
Background: There is a gender-related comorbidity of gastrointestinal inflammation with psychiatric disorders. Probiotic, that has been dramatically addressed recent years for its importance in maintenance of gastrointestinal immune homeostasis and in modulation of brain function, may possess the potential to treat this comorbidity.
Aims: In present study, examined whether experimental gastritis induced anxiety and depression symptoms in a gender-related manner, and assessed the potential anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of probiotic NS8.
Methods: The anxiety- and depression-like behaviors were assessed following induction of gastritis by adding iodoacetamide (0.1%) to the drinking water for 7 days and/or treatment with probiotics in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. The neuroendocrine activities related to mood regulation, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sex hormone, were evaluated to explore the potential mechanism of probiotic action.
Results: Treatment of rats receiving iodoacetamide with probiotic NS8 significantly attenuated gastric inflammation in both gender, reduced the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, reversed the impaired HPA axis, diminished estrogen and altered estrogen receptors (ER ɑ and ER ß) in female rats and normalized the elevated testosterone levels in male rats.
Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the female gender may be a risk factor and probiotic may be a beneficial treatment for the gastritis-induced anxiety and depression.

时间:5月6日(周一)中午13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:许贵芳(博士后) (韩布新研究组)
报告题目:情绪面孔注意偏好的年龄差异
报告摘要:
  采用点探测任务(dot-probe task),考察大学生和老年人对4种情绪面孔(愤怒、恐惧、高兴、悲伤)注意偏好的差异。被试观看一对面孔,其中一幅为情绪面孔(4种情绪表情中的一种),一幅为中性面孔。面孔消失后,会出现一个探测点,点的位置可能在情绪面孔同侧,也可能出现在中性面孔同侧。被试的任务是判断点的位置。每种情绪表情面孔40幅,其中女性面孔和男性面孔各20幅。
  研究发现:1)对于女性大学生,当男性情绪面孔与中性情绪面孔同时呈现时,点出现在情绪面孔同侧时反应时更快。2)对于男性大学生,当女性情绪面孔与中性面孔同时呈现时,点出现在愤怒、恐惧、悲伤面孔同侧时反应时更慢;但男性高兴面孔和中性面孔同时呈现时,点出现在男性高兴面孔同侧反应时更快。3)对于女性老年人,同时呈现男性情绪面孔与中性面孔,与女性大学生相似的是,当点出现在愤怒、悲伤面孔同侧时反应时更快。与大学生不同的是,当点出现在恐惧面孔同侧时反应时更慢。更有意思的是,当女性高兴、悲伤面孔与中性面孔同时呈现时,点在中性面孔同侧反应时更快。4)对于男性老年人,同时呈现女性情绪面孔和中性面孔,与男性大学生相似的是,点出现在恐惧、悲伤面孔同侧反应时更慢;与大学生不同的是,点出现在愤怒、高兴同侧时反应时更快。而且,与女性老年人相似,当同时呈现与自己性别相同(男性)的情绪面孔和中性面孔时,点出现在中性面孔同侧反应时更快。
  结论:年轻人没有表现出对负性情绪的注意偏好,而且老年人也没有表现出对高兴面孔的注意偏好。注意偏好表现出年龄和性别特异性。社会情绪选择理论认为对情绪的注意偏好受到时间知觉的影响,年轻成年人由于时间知觉为无限,比较关注与未来目标相关的信息,因而有负性偏好,而老年人由于时间知觉有限,比较关注当前情绪的满足,表现为积极偏好。本研究结果不支持Carstensen的社会情绪选择理论。

时间:4月15日(周一)中午13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:周文娇 (硕三)(高文斌研究组)
报告题目:幼儿视、听觉注意力发展以及影响因素的研究
报告摘要:
  幼儿处在注意力发展的关键期,对儿童的注意力的早期测试,可帮助我们理解正常儿童注意力的发展特征规律,从而为注意力困难以及如注意力缺陷多动障碍、自闭症等注意缺陷相关疾病的早期识别和诊断提供依据。而对注意力的发展是否存在视觉通道和听觉通道的差异的探索也具有非常重要的意义,理解儿童的注意力跨通道发展特点能够为制定更合适的干预措施以及最优化学习方案提供理论支持。同时,快速的生活节奏、激烈的竞争、以及电子产品的使用改变了人们包括幼儿的生活方式,进而可能造成生理、心理及社会适应等方面的问题。对信息时代背景下,幼儿新的生活方式的不同因素对注意力的影响机制进行探讨,对科学改善幼儿生活方式以及促进幼儿注意力等心智健康发展有积极的意义。我们试图通过认知实验的方法对131名幼儿的视、听觉注意力分别进行测试,探索幼儿视、听觉注意力的发展规律,以及包括电子产品接触、日常活动等在内的幼儿生活方式对其视、听觉注意力的影响。

时间:4月1日(周一)中午13:00-14:00
地点:南楼三层会议室
报告人:王亚 副研究员(陈楚侨研究组)
报告题目:The effect of implementation intentions on prospective memory in individuals with and without
      schizotypal personality features
报告摘要:  
Prospective memory (PM) refers to remembering to do something at a future time. Studies showed that implementation intention can improve PM performance. The present study aimed to examine the effect and mechanism of implementation intention on PM in individuals prone for schizotypal personality disorder (SPD proneness) in both laboratory and real life conditions. In Study one, 51 participants with SPD proneness and 51 controls were administered a PM task. They were further randomly assigned to an implementation intention condition and a typical instruction condition. All participants completed the PM task with low and high cognitive load conditions. The results showed that implementation intention improved PM performances in both SPD proneness and control groups. However, the mechanisms were different for the two groups. For controls, implementation intention did not affect their cognitive resources allocation strategy. Participants with SPD proneness allocated significantly more cognitive resources to PM task in the implementation intention condition. Study two aimed to examine the implementation intention effect on PM in real life condition. Results showed that implementation intention improved PM performance for the SPD proneness group, and it also improved controls’ PM performance. These results indicated that implementation intention was an effective strategy for improving PM performance.

© 中国科学院心理健康重点实验室
地址: 北京市朝阳区大屯路甲4号